Vultisig Android Bug Report ETH To ETH Blast Cross-Chain Swap Fails With Intrinsic Gas Too Low Error

by gitftunila 101 views
Iklan Headers

This document details a critical bug encountered on the Vultisig Android application (Fast Vault v1.0.63) during cross-chain swaps from ETH on Ethereum to ETH on Blast. The issue manifests as a signing error with the message "intrinsic gas too low," preventing users from completing the transaction. This comprehensive report outlines the steps to reproduce the bug, the observed behavior, and potential areas of investigation. Addressing this bug is crucial for ensuring a smooth and reliable user experience on the Vultisig platform, especially as cross-chain functionality becomes increasingly important in the decentralized finance (DeFi) landscape.

Summary of the Issue

When attempting a cross-chain swap from ETH on the Ethereum network to ETH on the Blast network using the Vultisig Android application, the transaction consistently fails. This failure occurs regardless of the amount of ETH selected for the swap, whether it's a random amount or a predefined percentage (25%, 50%, 75%, or 100%). The error message displayed to the user is a "Signing Error" accompanied by the technical details: {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"error":{"code":-32000,"message":"intrinsic gas too low"}}. This error indicates a problem with the gas estimation or gas limit set for the transaction, preventing it from being successfully processed on the Ethereum or Blast network. The impact of this bug is significant as it completely blocks users from performing cross-chain swaps between Ethereum and Blast, potentially leading to frustration and loss of opportunities.

Detailed Steps to Reproduce the Bug

To reliably reproduce this bug, follow these steps meticulously:

  1. Launch the Vultisig Application: Begin by opening the Vultisig application on an Android device (specifically tested on Fast Vault v1.0.63).
  2. Select Ethereum Chain: Navigate to the main interface and select the Ethereum chain as the source network for the swap.
  3. Access the Swap Tab: Switch to the "Swap" tab within the Vultisig application. This section allows users to initiate cross-chain and intra-chain token swaps.
  4. Configure the Swap: Carefully configure the swap parameters as follows:
    • From Chain: Ethereum
    • From Token: ETH (Ether)
    • To Chain: Blast
    • To Token: ETH (Ether)
  5. Specify Swap Amount: Choose any amount of ETH for the swap. This can be a random amount entered manually, or a predefined percentage such as 25%, 50%, 75%, or the maximum amount (100%). The bug occurs regardless of the specific amount selected.
  6. Initiate the Swap: Attempt to proceed with the swap transaction. This typically involves clicking a button labeled "Swap," "Confirm," or similar.
  7. Observe the Error: Upon initiating the swap, a signing error will be displayed. The error message will read: "Signing Error. Please try again." followed by the detailed technical error message: {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"error":{"code":-32000,"message":"intrinsic gas too low"}}.

By consistently following these steps, anyone should be able to reproduce the "intrinsic gas too low" error when attempting to swap ETH from Ethereum to Blast on the Vultisig Android application.

Observed (Actual) Behavior

The actual behavior observed when attempting the cross-chain swap is a transaction failure accompanied by a specific error message. Instead of successfully initiating and processing the swap, the Vultisig application displays a "Signing Error." The detailed error message provided is: {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"error":{"code":-32000,"message":"intrinsic gas too low"}}. This error clearly indicates that the transaction is failing due to insufficient gas being provided or estimated for the transaction to be executed on the blockchain. The gas limit, which represents the maximum amount of gas a user is willing to spend on a transaction, might be set too low, or the gas estimation process might be underestimating the actual gas required for the complex operations involved in a cross-chain swap. This unexpected behavior prevents users from successfully completing the swap and effectively renders the ETH to ETH (Blast) cross-chain functionality unusable on the Vultisig Android application. The provided image visually confirms the error message displayed within the application.

Root Cause Analysis (Potential Causes)

The "intrinsic gas too low" error typically arises from a mismatch between the gas limit provided for a transaction and the actual gas required for its execution. Several factors could contribute to this issue in the context of a cross-chain swap from ETH on Ethereum to ETH on Blast within the Vultisig application:

  1. Inaccurate Gas Estimation: The Vultisig application might be using an inaccurate gas estimation mechanism that fails to adequately account for the complexity of the cross-chain swap. Cross-chain swaps often involve multiple smart contract interactions, token transfers, and potential bridge operations, all of which consume gas. If the gas estimation algorithm underestimates the total gas needed, the transaction will fail with the "intrinsic gas too low" error.

  2. Insufficient Gas Limit: The gas limit set by the Vultisig application or the user might be insufficient for the transaction. The gas limit represents the maximum amount of gas a user is willing to spend on a transaction. If this limit is set too low, the transaction will run out of gas mid-execution and revert, resulting in the error. This could be due to a hardcoded gas limit within the application that is not high enough for cross-chain swaps, or it could be a result of the user manually setting a low gas limit.

  3. Blast Network Gas Requirements: The Blast network itself might have higher gas requirements for transactions compared to Ethereum, especially for cross-chain interactions. This could be due to the network's architecture, congestion, or specific smart contract implementations. If the Vultisig application's gas estimation does not accurately reflect the gas costs on the Blast network, it could lead to the error.

  4. Smart Contract Complexity: The smart contracts involved in the cross-chain swap, including those on both the Ethereum and Blast networks, might be complex and gas-intensive. This complexity could arise from intricate logic, large data structures, or inefficient code. If the combined gas cost of all smart contract interactions exceeds the gas limit, the transaction will fail.

  5. Dynamic Gas Costs: Gas costs on both Ethereum and Blast can fluctuate based on network congestion. If the gas price increases significantly between the time the transaction is initiated and the time it is executed, the initial gas estimation might become insufficient, leading to the error. This is less likely to be the primary cause, but it can contribute to the issue.

Identifying the precise root cause will require a thorough investigation of the Vultisig application's gas estimation logic, the gas limits being set, the gas costs on the Blast network, and the complexity of the involved smart contracts.

Potential Solutions and Workarounds

Addressing the "intrinsic gas too low" error requires a multi-faceted approach focused on improving gas estimation, ensuring sufficient gas limits, and optimizing smart contract interactions. Here are some potential solutions and workarounds:

  1. Improve Gas Estimation: The Vultisig application's gas estimation algorithm needs to be enhanced to accurately account for the complexity of cross-chain swaps. This could involve:

    • Analyzing the gas costs of all smart contract interactions involved in the swap.
    • Considering the gas costs on both the Ethereum and Blast networks.
    • Dynamically adjusting the gas estimation based on network congestion and gas price fluctuations.
    • Implementing a more sophisticated gas estimation model that takes into account historical gas usage data.

  2. Increase Gas Limit: The gas limit set by the Vultisig application or the user should be increased to accommodate the gas requirements of cross-chain swaps. This could involve:

    • Setting a higher default gas limit for cross-chain transactions.
    • Allowing users to manually adjust the gas limit before initiating a swap.
    • Providing clear guidance to users on how to set an appropriate gas limit.

  3. Optimize Smart Contracts: The smart contracts involved in the cross-chain swap should be optimized to reduce gas consumption. This could involve:

    • Refactoring code to improve efficiency.
    • Reducing the number of storage operations.
    • Using more gas-efficient data structures.
    • Avoiding unnecessary computations.

  4. Implement a Gas Price Oracle: The Vultisig application could integrate a gas price oracle to dynamically adjust the gas price based on network conditions. This would help ensure that transactions are processed in a timely manner without overpaying for gas.

  5. Provide User Feedback: The application should provide clear and informative feedback to users when a transaction fails due to insufficient gas. This could involve:

    • Displaying the actual gas used by the transaction.
    • Suggesting an appropriate gas limit for future transactions.
    • Providing links to resources that explain gas and gas limits.

  6. Workaround (Temporary): As a temporary workaround, users could try manually increasing the gas limit when initiating the swap. However, this requires technical knowledge and may not be feasible for all users. It's crucial to emphasize that this is a temporary solution and the underlying gas estimation issue needs to be addressed.

Implementing these solutions will significantly improve the reliability and usability of cross-chain swaps on the Vultisig Android application.

Conclusion

The "intrinsic gas too low" error encountered during ETH to ETH (Blast) cross-chain swaps on the Vultisig Android application is a critical bug that prevents users from utilizing this functionality. This report has detailed the steps to reproduce the issue, the observed behavior, potential root causes, and several potential solutions. Addressing this bug is paramount for ensuring a seamless and reliable user experience on the Vultisig platform. By implementing the suggested solutions, such as improving gas estimation, increasing gas limits, and optimizing smart contracts, the Vultisig team can significantly enhance the functionality and usability of cross-chain swaps and maintain user trust in the platform. Further investigation and testing are recommended to validate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions and ensure the long-term stability of the cross-chain swap feature.